Legionnaire disease: A disease due to the
bacteria Legionella pneumophila found in plumbing, shower heads and
water-storage tanks. Outbreaks of Legionella pneumonia have been
attributed to evaporative condensers and cooling towers. The
bacteria thrives in the mist sprayed from air-conditioning
ducts and so it can infest an entire building or airplane. Travelers
are especially vulnerable in the closed space within a plane.

Home hot water pipes have also been found to be a common source of the disease. The bacteria flourish at temperatures between 90 and 105 degrees and so can grow in the slimy gunk lining residential hot water pipes. People contract the bacteria by inhaling drops of water while showering, washing or even drinking.

Legionnaire disease can cause a massive pneumonia
associated with collapse of the respiratory function. It can be an
overwhelming and sometimes fatal illness.

The disease was first identified as a sequel of the 1976
convention of the American Legion in some of the Legionnaires who had
attended the convention. It was therefore named Legionnaire
disease. The distinguished surgeon/writer Richard Selzer has recounted his own near-fatal experience with Legionnaire disease in “Raising the Dead. A Doctor’s Encounter with His Own Mortality” (Whittle/Viking, New York, 1993).

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Goiter: Enlargement of the thyroid gland.

A goiter is not cancerous. It is simply a thyroid gland that is bigger than usual.

A goiter can be associated with levels of thyroid hormone that are normal (euthyroid), too high (hyperthyroid) or too low (hypothyroid).

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